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What changed all the law system of England?

Вариант № 3

Задание № 1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

Magna Charta

Magna Charta can be said to be a landmark in the development of constitutional government. In 1215 King John and barons of England, though being Democrats, signed the document which changed all the law system of the country.

In the 13th century barons of England had considerable autonomy in their dealings with the monarch. But King’s abuses of traditional feudal law and his refusal of their demands made barons of England raise an army and force the King to sign Magna Charta (the Great Charter). Magna Charta contains 63 Articles. Most of the Articles were a list of rights that chiefly benefited the land­owning nobility and the church.

Nevertheless, a number of provisions were later applied to all the peo­ple of England. Some of them later became the foundation for the country’s legal system. Magna Charta states, for example, that the King must seek the advice and consent of the barons in all important state matters, including tax increase. In later centuries, these provisions were used to assert that no law could be passed or tax risen without the consent of the body representing all the people, the Parliament. The guarantees of due process of law and trial by a jury can also be given to provisions of Magna Charta.

The evolution of Magna Charta’s feudal rights into constitutional rights of ordinary people took centuries, since many English Kings successfully ignored the Great Charter. Only in the wake of the Glorious Revolution of 1688 England could succeed in establishing a durable constitutional monarchy with Parlia­ment as the nation’s supreme law-making body. The task of reforming Parlia­ment itself into a broadly representative democratic institution took much time, more than another century.

Vocabulary

Magna Charta (the Great Charter) the law system dealings King’s abuses of traditional feudal law refusal 63 Articles a list of rights that chiefly benefited the land­owning nobility and the church a number of provisions the foundation for the country’s legal system the advice and consent state matters tax increase the guarantees of due process of law and trial by a jury Magna Charter’s feudal rights constitutional rights the nation’s supreme law-making body Магна Чарта (Великая Хартия) юридическая система деловые отношения злоупотребления короля в области традиционного феодального права отказ 63 статьи перечень прав, которые главным образом были в пользу землевладельцев и церкви ряд положений основа юридической системы страны совет и согласие государственные вопросы увеличение налогов гарантии надлежащей правовой системы и судебного процесса с судом присяжных права феодалов, закреплённые в Великой Хартии конституционные права высший законодательный орган страны

Задание № 2. Выберите правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос по тесту “Magna Charta”.

What changed all the law system of England?

a) The Revolution of 1688 changed all the law system of England.

b) Magna Charta changed all the law system of England.

c) King John changed all the law system of England.

Задание № 3. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The Government has to make some measures to prevent crime.

2. The new law must come into force next year.

3. Lack of evidence can result in their acquittal.

4. New legislation is to be introduced to help single-parent families.

5. Every citizen is able to abide the law.

Задание № 4. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения в страдательном залоге. Подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог.

1. This politician is convicted of fraud against the government.

2. A number of burglaries have been reported recently.

3. He will be released from prison on probation next week.

4. That man was prosecuted for exceeding the speed limits.

5. The culprits are being searched by the police.

Задание № 5. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода инфинитива в определённой функции. Из каждого предложения выпишите форму инфинитива и укажите его функцию в предложении.

1. To sustain the rule of law is the Government’s strategy for dealing with crime.

2. He begged to inform the investigator about the evidence.

3. The problem to be discussed was too efficient.

4. The President of the country is to perform his duties well.

5. We can help you with your course-paper.

6. The Prime Minister does everything possible to carry out this project.

Задание № 6. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода объектного инфинитивного оборота (Complex Object). Из каждого предложения выпишите данный оборот.

1. Everyone heard the judge read the sentence.

2. We wished him to tell us about all the details of the case.

3. The government wants the people to be law-abiding.

 

Задание № 7. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода субъектного инфинитивного оборота (Complex Subject). Из каждого предложения выпишите данный оборот.

1. The local authority is known to be responsible for making decisions in this district.

2. The young offender is said to have been brought to court.

3. The prisoner was said to behave well.

 

Задание № 8. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода инфинитивного оборота c предлогом “for”. Из каждого предложения выпишите данный оборот.

1. The law was sent to the Commons for them to read it.

2. We were allowed to go home for us to have a rest.

3. The offender was given much work for him to bе busy.

 





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