| Expressions to be used while writing abstracts of the text
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1. The title of the article/text
| The text is headlined ….
The title of the text (under consideration) is …
The headline of the text I have read is …
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2. The author of the text/article
Where and when the article/text was published.
| The author of the text/article is ….
The text/article is written by ….
It is (was) published in …
It is (was) printed in ….
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3. The main idea of the text/article
| The main idea of the text is …
The text (under consideration) is about …
As the title implies the text (article) describes
The text is devoted to …
The text deals with …
The article touches upon the problems concerning …
The purpose of the text is to give the reader some information on …
The purpose of the article is to compare (to determine) …
The aim of the article is to provide the reader with some material (data, facts) on …
The text (article) presents some results which illustrates …
The text (story, article) is concerned with ….
The subject of the text is …….
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4. The contents of the text/article: some facts, names, figures
| The author starts by telling the reader (s) about, that …
At the beginning (of the text) the author
States that …
Stresses
Thinks
Describes
Dwells on
Touches upon
Explains
Introduces
Mentions
Recalls
Characterizes
Analyzes
Comments on
Points out
Emphasizes
Underlines
Generalizes about
Criticizes
Makes a few critical remarks on
Reveals
Exposes
Accuses
Blames
Condemns
Mocks at
Ridicules
Praises
Gives a summary of
Gives his account of
Reports
The article (the author) begins with a (the) description of
By mentioning
The analysis of
A (the) summary of
A comment on
A review of
An account of
The characterization of
Some (a few) critical remarks about (of, concerning)
The accusation of
The exposure of
The (his) praise of
The ridicule of
The generalization of
The description is based on …
The article opens with
According to the text
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5.To continue rendering
| Then (after, further on, next) the author passes on to …
Goes on to say that …….
Reports that …
Gives a detailed (thorough) analysis (description of ) ...
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6.Parts of the text
| The article (text) can be divided into 4 (5-7) parts.
The first part deals with …
The second part is about …
The third part touches upon …
The fourth part of the article includes the fact on …
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7.To finish
| In conclusion the author …
The author concludes with …
The article ends with …
At the end of the article the author comes to (draws) the conclusion that …
We find the conclusion that …
To finish with the author describes…
At the end of the article the author sums (summarizes) it all up (by saying.) …
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8. Your opinion of the text/article
| I find (I’ve found) the text/article interesting (important, informative, dull, easy, useful, of no value, too difficult to understand).
The problems touched upon in the text/article are of great importance.
The discussed problem is of great value.
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