 |
|
Telephone communication.
Вариант 1.
Задание 1. Измените число существительных с единственного на множественное и внесите соответствующие изменения в остальные члены предложений.
1. What colour is the box?
2 My tooth is white
3. He took off his hat.
4. . It is not a bad egg..
5. This isn't a mouse.
6. This is my Study
Задание 2. Измените форму прилагательных, данных в скобках, и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Which is the (small) planet in the solar system?
2. Which is the (big) planet in the solar system?
3. This is the (short) way to the station.
4. The cat a (fat) than the kitten.
5. You are a (happy) boy!
6. Asia is (large) than Europe.
Задание 3.Вставьте модальные глаголы may, can, must, need.
1.... I listen to the music?
2. If you want to be healthy, you ... drink much coffee.
3. ... I take a sweet? Yes, of course.
4. You ... choose any instrument if you like.
5. You ... learn music.
6. .... he ride a bike?
Задание 4. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужную форму.
1. Dan (to get) a fax from Boston an hour ago, but he not (to answer) it yet.
2. Somebody (to drink) my coffee! My cup was full.
3. The robbers (to steal) the car and they (to drive) away.
4. But last January I (to read) a book about Russian travelers.
5. We (to live) next door to each other since Alison (to move) to London.
6. If you (not to listen) to the radio, please (to switch) it off.
Задание 5. Переведите предложения на английский язык.
1. Что вы делали все утро?
2. Переписывая это упражнение, обратите внимание на незнакомые слова.
3. Она училась музыке, когда жила в Париже.
4. Я купил эту картину в Лондоне.
5. Она опоздала на поезд.
6. Сколько тебе было лет, когда ты начал учить французский?
Задание 6. Образуйте отрицательную и вопросительную формы предложений.
1. My friends know all the best places to go.
2. He went to the pond.
3. They noticed that the sun had gone down.
4. She was very beautiful.
5. His dad was an architect.
Задание 7. Задайте вопросы к каждому члену предложения.
1. They collect stamps and coins.
2. We have English lessons twice a week.
3. He was on vacation in Moscow with his family.
4. We've been playing games together all the time.
5. I always drink orange juice in the morning.
Задание 8. Задайте общий, специальный, альтернативный и разделительный вопросы к каждому предложению.
1. We usually translate two texts a week.
2. They are playing games.
3. He has been drinking juice since childhood.
4. I'm translating a text from a textbook.
5. Most English and Americans don't understand each other quite easily.
Задание 9. Переведите текст на русский язык.
Telegraphy.
Electricity completely changed communications. Once it was discovered that electric current flows along a wire, it seemed possible that it could be used for messages. As long as two places were connected by a wire electric impulses could be sent along it. It meant that people were able to send messages a long way at great speed. The new way of communication had a lot of advantages and by the end of the 19th century cables were laid all over the world.
Samuel Morse, one of the most famous people in communications, invented a special code, which we call now "the Morse code". He thought of using short and long electric impulses. Combining different sets of impulses he made a code for the whole alphabet, and the numbers from 0 to 9. This code, was the easiest and the fastest to transmit.
Later on the necessity aroused to increase the speed of sending messages. People decided to use the fact that current could flow one way round the circuit or the other. A new system called double current working" was worked out According to this system a dash and a dot are impulses of the same length but of different directions.
Then a machine was invented to send typewriter messages over a telegraph circuit. Such machines are called teleprinters or teletypes and use International 5-unit code instead of the Morse code. Each letter or figure is made up of five impulses of electric current, either positive or negative, all letters being the same length in time. A teleprinter has a keyboard and every- time one of the keys on the keyboard is pressed it sends the five impulses that make one letter or figure.
As most modern systems use alternating current, one line can be used to send many messages at the same time. It is possible if each message is sent out at a different frequency. This allows high-speed telegraph communication as well as transmission of written messages.
Вариант 2.
Задание 1. Измените число существительных с единственного на множественное и внесите соответствующие изменения в остальные члены предложений.
1. The dog is running in the field.
2. The eagle is a very big bird.
3. The bird is singing in the tree.
4. The cat has caught a mouse.
5. The hen has 12 chickens.
6. There is an apple on this plate.
Задание 2. Измените форму прилагательных, данных в скобках, и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Next time I'll do it (good).
2. You are the (bad) student in the class.
3. It is the (interesting) book of all I have ever read.
4. I met my (good) friend.
5. Dorothy is the (young) in the family.
6. Where is the (near) post- office, please?
Задание 3.Вставьте модальные глаголы may, can, must, need.
1. …you play golf?
2. You ... go for a walk.
3. You ... eat in the classroom.
4. She ... play hockey.
5. ... you walk like a dog?
6. She ... eat many vegetables.
Задание 4. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужную форму.
1. I (to hear) someone speaking in the next room.
2. I don't think I (ever to see) her looking so upset before.
3. She (to go) to buy a dress, but a thief (to steal) all her money.
4. You (to see) ever the pictures by Picasso. How you (to like) them?
5. He not (to do) the translation yet.
6. He only (to begin) it 20 minutes ago.
Задание 5. Переведите предложения на английский язык.
1. Где вы жили, когда началась война?
2. Я не могу читать. Я пришел в школу без очков.
3. Когда Дейв поступил в школу, Мэри преподавала там уже 5 лет.
4. Кто съел все яблоки?
5. На этой неделе он каждый вечер работает допоздна.
6. Я буду играть в теннис всю вторую половину дня.
Задание 6. Образуйте отрицательную и вопросительную формы предложений.
1. I have already been translating for an hour.
2. She speaks English quite well.
3. People will find life on other planets.
4. They have 2 daughters.
5. He was writing on the blackboard.
Задание 7. Задайте вопросы к каждому члену предложения.
1. The day before yesterday we went on a walking tour.
2. It was nearly dark.
3. I must go home.
4. He saw a fresh magnolia blossom on the bench.
5. People will start learning a lot of new subjects.
Задание 8. Задайте общий, специальный, альтернативный и разделительный вопросы к каждому предложению.
1. I create new puzzles and riddles myself.
2. He was studying English when she came.
3. I think she was pleased with the results of my work.
4. All the countries in the world will learn to live in peace with one another.
5. You've made much progress in your work.
Задание 9. Переведите текст на русский язык.
Telephone communication.
Another important kind of wired communication is telephony. It is the transmission of speech over a considerable distance by means of electric current. Telephone set includes a transmitter, and an electric network in addition to receiver.
The transmitter or microphone consists of a diaphragm, carbon chamber with carbon granules and insulating spacer and conductor. The electric current passes through the diaphragm and carbon granules. When we speak we produce sound waves which make the diaphragm vibrate. The diaphragm in its turn pushes the carbon granules which makes more or fewer contacts and decreases or increases the resistance. Thus the waves of electric current vary depending on the sounds we produce and pass along the line and finally reach the receiver. The receiver consists of electromagnet coils, a steel magnet and a diaphragm. A variable current passing through the magnet's coil makes the diaphragm vibrate. The frequency of these oscillations is the same as that of the transmitter. Therefore the receiver reproduces the same sounds as are spoken into the microphone.
The telephone was designed in 1875 by Alexander Bell, Later on the development of the telephone changed its construction, it became more complex. Auxiliary elements were used in the circuit to provide better transmission of speech. Further on the development improved the switching system. Now very complex telephone constructions are used and a new kind of telephone appeared - radiotelephone.
Вариант 3.
Задание 1. Измените число существительных с единственного на множественное и внесите соответствующие изменения в остальные члены предложений.
1. This mountain has never been climbed before.
2. There was a potato in the basket.
3. A bird sang on the branch of a tree.
4. The guide organized excursion well.
5. This program will be shown by him.
6. That boy is my brother.
Задание 2. Измените форму прилагательных, данных в скобках, и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Jack is (rich) than Henry, but I don't think he is (happy),
2. He doesn't look a day (old) than forty.
3. Summer is the (warm) of the four seasons.
4. I think your plan is the (good) of the two.
5. His dog is (good) than yours.
6. His answer was (bad) than I thought,
Задание 3.Вставьте модальные глаголы may, can, must, need.
1. There are no buses or taxis, so we ... walk.
2. I.. not go out today: it is too cold
3. ... I use your telephone?
4. I ... ask the chief to put off my report: it is impossible to do anything in such a shorttime!
5. What time is it? It be about 6 o'clock, but I am not sure.
6. We «.. not live without food and water.
Задание 4. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужную форму.
1. The cafe (close) at midnight.
2. They always (talk) about literature when they see each other.
3. I (meet) him last June. :
4. He often (work) until midnight
5. I (leave) home at 8 .00 and (get) here at 15.00.
6. I (read) this book several times.
Задание 5. Переведите предложения на английский язык.
1. Прошедший год был для меня очень трудным.
2. Неделю назад в это время я ехал в поезде.
3. Служащие заканчивают работу в 6 часов вечера.
4. В школе он играл в футбол за сборную города.
5. Я понял, что вчера был не прав, и извинился.
6. Завтра мы с друзьями пойдем в кино.
Задание 6. Образуйте отрицательную и вопросительную формы предложений.
1. Child eat a lot of ice cream.
2. His brother works for Microsoft, /mort?
3. Two years later they were to be divorced.
4. He was being questioned by the police.
5. Tomorrow’s match is going to be very exciting.
Задание 7. Задайте вопросы к каждому члену предложения.
1. He’s been in hospital for a week.
2. As a racing driver he has crashed 10 cars.
3. I’ve been sitting in this waiting room for two hours.
4. He had to hand in his driving licence.
5. She should have gone to the doctor.
Задание 8. Задайте общий, специальный, альтернативный и разделительный вопросы к каждому предложению.
1. It is feared that 20 people may have died.
2. We were welcomed by the Duke.
3. He is been with this company for five years.
4. She almost fell off the ladder.
1. Sometimes he stays indoors all day long.
Задание 9. Переведите текст на русский язык.