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Words to be memorized



Nouns: vomiting, eruption, crust, scab, disorder, complication,lesion

Verbs: to appear, to burst to amount, to dry up, to fall off, to scale, to include, to require.

Adjectives: contagious, susceptible, slight, brownish, variable, severe, complete, rare, eruptive, common. .

Other words and expressions: frequently, beyond, almost.

Read correctly

macule ['maekjul] — пятно, vesicle ['vesikl] — пузырек, smallpox ['smo:lpoks] — ocna chicken-pox f'tjikin'poks] — ветряная оспа

nephritis [ne'fraitis] — нефрит (заболевание почек), encephalitis [en,sefo'laitis]— воспаление головного мозга (эн­цефалит)


Exercises

I. Answer the following questions:

1. What kind of disease is chicken-pox?

2. What is the most characteristic symptom?

3. What age is affected by the disease?

4. Is the incubation period long?

5. What are the first symptoms?

 

6. When does the eruption appear?

7. What does the eruption consist of?

8. On -what part of the body does the eruption appear?

9. How many vesicles may be on the skin?

 

10. What is the duration of this disease?

11. What treatment is required?

12. Is it difficult to make a diagnosis?

13. What must the doctor keep in mind making a diagnosis?

14. Is chicken-pox usually mild or severe? What shows this?
II. Ask him (her) if chicken-pox is an infectious disease

the disease affects children under ten

the incubation period of chicken-pox is long chicken-pox is accompanied by an eruption isolation is necessary in case of chicken-pox Ask him (her) what the disease is characterized by whom the disease affects how long the incubation period is what the symptoms of the disease are when the eruption appears what the eruption consists of where the eruption appears

how many vesicles appear in a slight case (in a

severe case) when the recovery begins.

 

III. Translate the following sentenses:

a) 1.No special treatment is required in case of chicken-pox.

2.Chicken-pox does not occur in adults.

3.Chicken-pox is not a dangerous disease.

4.The doctor found no eruption on the back of the patient.

5.The sick boy did not attend school during 5 days.

6.As a rule chicken-pox has no complications.

7.The patient was not taken to the hospital because he had

no symptoms of any infectious disease.

8. The patient had no symptoms of scarlet fever. There was

no rash on his neck, chest or extremities.

9. The child felt no pain in the throat.

b) 1.There should be an immunity after a spontaneous attack of chicken-pox.

2.There may or may not be a preceding upper respiratory infection with cough.

3.In a mild case of chicken-pox there may be eight or ten vesicles, but in a severe case there may be six or seven hundred of them.

4.There may occur such complications as nephritis, pneumonia and encephalitis.

5.If there is chicken-pox, there must be skin eruption.

c) 1.Chicken-pox is known to be transmitted by droplets.

2. Treatment of chicken-pox must be aimed at controlling the fever and relieving the itching.

3. Where is Dr.Brown? He may be examining a child with some rash admitted to the hospital.

4. She must have been treated in hospital because of the severe complication after chicken-pox

5. Chicken=pox may be a serious disease for adults who may have been infected with AIDS; it may be treated with ciclovir..

 

IV. Translate from Russian into English:

1. Сегодня у больной не болит голова.

2. Мой друг сейчас не в больнице, он в санатории.


3. Я не пойду в палату, так как у меня нет халата.

4. У нас вчера не было практики в клинике.

5. Больной не чувствовал никакой боли в пояснице.

6. Я не болел пневмонией в раннем возрасте.

7. У меня не было осложнений после гриппа.

8. Я не буду принимать это лекарство. 9. Врач вчера не оперировал.

 

10. У нас не будет лекции по анатомии в понедельник.

11. В кабинете врача никого не было.

 

V. Read the text and say what new information it contains as compared with the previous text:

In the vast majority of cases of chicken-pox the eruption is the first sign of the disease and the rash is not preceded by a prodromal illness.

Mothers usually state that the first symptom to attract attention was the rash. There may be some mild constitutional symptoms, such as malaise and a slight temperature. These may vary in duration from a few hours to two or three days. The child may appear restless and slightly feverish the night before the rash appears. Adults, on the other hand, are very apt to -have a well-defined series of prodromal symptoms, such as chill, fever, nausea, loss of appetite, backache, etc.

 

VI. a) Speak about the symptoms of chicken-pox.

b) Describe the period of eruption.

c) Read what a crust, or a scab, is and explain it in English:

Crustis a formed outer layer< especially an outer layer of solid matter formed by the drying of a bodily exudate or secretion; it is also called scab.

SCARLET FEVER

Scarlet fever is an acute contagious disease characterized by high temperature, rapid pulse, a punctate eruption 'followed by desquamation, inflammation of the throat. It is caused by Hemolitic Streptococcus.

The disease may be transmitted either by various objects — clothing, toys, books and food-stuffs, infected by the patient or by means of droplet infection (during coughing, sneezing or talking).

All children are susceptible, particularly frequently between 18 months and 10 years of age. Adults also contract this illness, but they have only sore throat without the eruption characteristic of scarlet fever.

The incubation period of the disease lasts on an average 4—7 days; sometimes it only jtakes a few hours.

The onset of the disease is sudden. There is generally a very sore throat, a sharp rise of temperature to 39 — 40°C, nausea, vomiting, headache and often chills. The lymphatic nodes of the neck are enlarged. The child' is restless and sleeps badly.


Within a few hours, but more often at the end of the first or in the beginning of the second day a diffuse red rash appears on the neck, chest and back, spreading to the arms and legs. The area around the mouth remains free from rash. The rash lasts one or three days and then fades away. After the disappearance of the rash the period of desquamation begins. Desquamation continues 10—14 days.

If no complications develop and patients feel good they are allowed out of the bed after the 7th day of the disease. They may be discharged from the hospital on the 12—14th days.

The principal complications are acute nephritis, adenitis, otitis media, pericarditis, endocarditis, etc.

Scarlet fever patients should be isolated and stay in bed. Careful disinfection of the patient's things is important. Antibiotics are prescribed.







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