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Практичне заняття № 2
Тема: Рідне село або місто проживання.
Робота над текстом. Підготовка розповіді про рідне село або місто.
Kherson
Kherson is the southern Ukrainian city. It is built on the right bank of the river Dnieper. If you want to go to the Black Sea it will take you 1,5 hours by car or 2 hours by bus. The climate here is dry. Winters are cold and summers are hot, and the winds often blow. In summer many people go to the river bank or to the Black Sea, and there are many fruit and vegetables: apples, cherries, strawberries, peaches, grapes, tomatoes, cucumbers, potatoes, etc.
Population of Kherson is nearly 360, 000 people. Today it is a large sea- and river-port. There are two bridges over the Dnieper which join Kherson and a smaller town Tsurupinsk. There are wonderful views of the river and the countryside. There is fresh air and good climate, so many tourists visit Kherson in summer. Kherson is over 200 years old. Admiral Ushakov and his soldiers built many ships here in the 18th century and fought with Turkish army. Russian army won.
10 years ago the main branches of industry here were ship-building, textile and building of agricultural machines. But there is an economic crisis in Ukraine nowadays, so many factories closed down. Nowadays the main branches of industry are ship-building and tinned food factories, but there is not enough work for all people. Those who work don’t earn much. There are many good colleges and universities such as Kherson State University, the Technical University, the Shipbuilding University and the Agricultural University.
There is a good drama theatre and a puppet-show. If you like painting you can go to the Art Museum. There are good pictures of the painters of the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. There are also many bars, cinemas, clubs, gyms and a swimming-pool. People sometimes call Kherson «a green city» because there are many parks there.
2. Виконання після текстових вправ.
Ex. 1. Complete the following sentences.
Kherson is the … Ukrainian city. It is built on the … of the river Dnieper. If you want to go to the Black Sea it will ... The climate here is... Winters are … and summers are… In summer many people go …, and there are many fruit and vegetables: … … of Kherson is nearly 360, 000 people. Today it is a large sea-... There are two … over the Dnieper which…. There are wonderful views of ... There is fresh … and good…, so many … Admiral Ushakov and his soldiers … and fought ... Russian army... 10 years ago the main branches of industry here were ... But there is an economic…, so many factories… Nowadays the main … are …, but there is not enough... Those who work don’t... There are many good colleges and universities such as … There is a good drama … and a ... If you like painting you can go to ... There are good pictures of the ... There are also many … . People sometimes call Kherson … because …
3. Робота над граматичним матеріалом. Структура англійського речення (таблиця видо-часових форм англійського дієслова). Звороти there is, there are.
Ex 1. Put the words in order to build sentences.
1. is park in the There centre. a. 2. the four town. in schools are There. 3. and a in park is the cinema a city. There. 4. is. Yes, there. 5. are new There neighbours. 6. is a pig. There. 7. There is no water. 8. there games Are. 9. are. there Yes,
Ex.2. Choose either There is or There are and translate the sentences.
1. ______________ two boys in the car.
2. ___________ a book on the shelf.
3. __________ one apple on the table.
4. __________ a lot of trees in our yard.
5. _________ some grapes in the bowl.
6. _________ a dog under the table.
7. _________ carrots in the soup.
8. __________ a policeman at the door.
9. __________ policemen at the door.
10. ________ some fruit on the table.
Ex. 3.Choose the word (a, b) that best completes the sentence. Write the number of the sentence and the letter of the answer, e.g. 1b, 2a, 3b.
1. What time did you … up yesterday? a) get b) got c) gets. 2. I will … to the cinema tomorrow a) go b) went c) gone. 3. He came into the room, switched on the light and … to do his homework a) begin b) began c) begun. 4. Be quiet. The girl has just … asleep a) fall b) fell c) fallen. 5. My aunt has … beautiful roses this year a) grow b) grew c) grown. 6. The children like milk and … it every morning a) drink b) drank c) drunk.
4. Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням: текст “ Ecology is an interdisciplinary branch of biology”.
Ecology is an interdisciplinary branch of biology. The word "ecology" ("Ökologie") was coined in 1866 by the German scientist Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919). Ancient Greek philosophers such as Hippocrates and Aristotle laid the foundations of ecology in their studies on natural history. Modern ecology transformed into a more rigorous science in the late 19th century. Evolutionary concepts on adaptation and natural selection became cornerstones of modern ecological theory. Ecology is not synonymous with environment, environmentalism, natural history, or environmental science. It is closely related to physiology, evolutionary biology, genetics, and ethology. An understanding of how biodiversity affects ecological function is an important focus area in ecological studies. Ecologists seek to explain:
- Life processes and adaptations
- Distribution and abundance of organisms
- The movement of materials and energy through living communities
- The successional development of ecosystems, and
- The abundance and distribution of biodiversity in the context of the environment.
Ecology is a human science as well. There are many practical applications of ecology in conservation biology, wetland management, natural resource management (agriculture, forestry, fisheries), city planning (urban ecology), community health, economics, basic and applied science, and human social interaction (human ecology). Ecosystems maintain biophysical feedback mechanisms that modulate metabolic rates and evolutionary dynamics between living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components of the planet. Ecosystems sustain life-supporting functions and produce natural capital through the regulation of continental climates, global biogeochemical cycles, water filtration, soils, food, fibres, medicines, erosion control, and many other natural features of scientific, historical, economic, or intrinsic value.
7. Виконання після текстових вправ.
Ex.1 Answer the questions:
- Who laid the foundations of ecology?
- What is the difference between ecology and environment?
- What is an important focus area in ecological studies?
- What are practical applications of ecology?
- What is a synonymous to nonliving components of the planet?
- What became cornerstones of modern ecological theory?
- What do ecosystems sustain?
Ex. 2 Retell the text.
Список літератури:
1. Барановська Т.В. Граматика англійської мови. Збірник вправ: Навч. посібник. Видання друге, виправлене та доповнене – Мова англ., укр. – Київ: ТОВ “ВП Логос-М», 2007. – 384с.