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A) Paraphrase the sentences below using the words given in brackets.

· The soaring number of working mothers is having a devastating impact on society. (to seem)

· The knock-on effects of women choosing to pursue careers, rather than raise children and look after elderly relatives, are ‘enormous’, says Professor Alison Wolf of King’s College London. (according to/to appear)

· In the past, the life of a typical woman after marriage and childbearing, regardless of her class background, centred on the home. (to be certain)

· While her husband worked, she would bring up their young family, care for elderly relatives and often do charity work linked to the church and community. (to be usual for)

· Now, on average, women spend just four minutes a day doing voluntary work, with millions devoting no time at all to good causes. (to know)

· Families have always been central to the care of the old and sick, as well as raising the next generation. (to consider)

· The traditional housewife is increasingly rare, with only one in ten mothers staying at home to look after their family, official figures revealed last week. (to report)

· A governmental report reveals that seventy per cent of women now have jobs. More than half of mothers with children under the age of five are in full-time or part-time employment. (to report/to turn out)

· Many of these seek high-flying jobs, big salaries and a rapid rise up the career ladder. (to be likely)

· Working outside the home gives a woman a sense of her own personal identity and self-confidence. A woman who stays at home will always be referred to as ‘John’s wife’ and not as a person in her own right. (to suppose/to be sure)

· Working mothers argue that their children often learn to be independent from an early age which can only help them in the future. (to be likely)

· A working mother usually has to look after both the children and home in her spare time, so she is actually doing two jobs instead of one, which can be very tiring. (to be typical of/to turn out/to appear)

· Despite the soaring numbers of women in the workplace, a recent survey found that only six per cent of working mothers actually want to work full-time. (to seem)

· The rising cost of living, with soaring energy and council tax bills and big mortgage repayments (выплаты по ипотеке), is forcing many women to work. (to appear)

· Professor Wolf recognizes that the majority of women do jobs, usually part-time, simply to make ends meet, and not because they want a “career”. (to turn out)

· To sum up, there are many arguments for and against mothers working. Every family is different and what is good for one family may not necessarily be good for another. (to seem/to be unlikely)

b) Give arguments for and against mothers working outside the home. Use the suggested phrases:

c) Do you think society suffers while mothers are out working – or is it a positive sign of the changing expectations of women?Use the suggested phrases: