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Lesson 1. I am a Student. Students’ Life. The Article.
(Я - студент. Студентське життя. Артикль.)
Vocabulary
to speak about myself – говорити про себе
a lot of information about myself– багато інформації про себе
let me introduce myself– дозвольте себе відрекомендувати
to be talented– бути талановитим
to be successful – бути успішним
to love and to respect – любити та поважати
loving parents – люблячі батьки
to walk with a dog around the park – гуляти з собакою по парку
to keep house –виконувати роботу по дому
to leave school – закінчити школу
to study at – навчатися у
to be the first-year student – бути студентом першого курсу
to make very important decision – прийняти важливе рішення
an interesting and useful profession – цікава та корисна професія
to be fond of sports – захоплюватися спортом
to have no time for the favourite game – не мати вільного часу на улюблену гру
to play with friends – грати з друзями
to watch TV – дивитися телевізор
to listen to music – слухати музику
to play football \ basketball – грати у футбол \ баскетбол
to be very important part of life – бути дуже важливою частиною життя
to bring good luck – приносити удачу
Exercise 1. Choose the right translation (Знайдіть правильний переклад):
| 1. to be talented | a) бути успішним |
| 2. to keep house | b) грати в футбол |
| 3. to study at Lutsk National Technical University Technical College | c) бути талановитим |
| 4. to have no time for the favourite game | d) приносити удачу |
| 5. to be fond of sports | e) слухати музику |
| 6. to bring good luck | f) захоплюватися спортом |
| 7. to make very important decision | g) виконувати роботу по дому |
| 8. to listen to music | h) багато інформації про себе |
| 9. to be a very important part of life | i) бути дуже важливою частиною життя |
| 10. to be successful | j) навчатися в Технічному Коледжі Луцького Національного Технічного Університету |
| 11. a lot of information about myself | k) прийняти дуже важливе рішення |
| 12. to play football | l) не мати вільного часу на улюблену гру |
Exercise 2. Make up the sentences using the following word combinations (Складіть речення, вживаючи подані словосполучення):
Loving parents
To keep house
To be fond of sports
To be talented
To be fond of
To be very important part of life
To watch TV
To listen to music
Exercise 3. Read and translate the text (Прочитайте та перекладіть текст):
About myself
It’s difficult to speak about myself, because I have a lot of information about my world.
First of all let me introduce myself. My name is Nick. My surname is Levins. I was born on the fourth of May, in 1999, so I am 15 now. I am the elder brother in the family of four: my parents, my younger sister and me. My parents are very talented people. I love and respect them. I have also a dog, and I like to walk with it very much. Sometimes I walk with it around the park. Sometimes I help my mother to keep house.
This year I have left a basic school and I had to make very important decision: what profession to choose. I would like to become a mechanic and now I study at Lutsk National Technical University Technical College and I am the first-year student. I think, this profession is very interesting and useful to people but it is not easy, of course.
I am also fond of sports. I like swimming in summer and football, but I have no time for my favourite game. I also like to play with my friends, they are very important part of my life. We like to watch TV together, listen to music and play football.
So, I am a happy person: I have loving parents, good friends and I think my future will bring me only good luck.
Exercise 4. Fill in the gaps (Заповніть пропуски):
1. It’s difficult to speak about … , because I have a lot of information … my world.
2. I am … brother in the family of four: my parents, my younger sister and me.
3. My parents are very …people.
4. Sometimes I walk with my dog … .
5. Sometimes I help my mother to… .
6. This year I have left a basic school and I had to … very important decision: what … to choose.
7. I like to be a … and now I study … Lutsk National Technical University Technical College and I am a … student.
8. I think, this profession is very interesting and … people.
9. I am also … sports.
10. We like to … TV together, listen … music and play … football.
Exercise 5.True or false: Find true statements (Знайдіть правильні твердження):
1. I was born on the fifth of May, in 1999, so I am 15 now.
2. I am the younger brother in the family of four: my parents, my younger sister and me.
3. I have also a dog, and I like to walk with it very much.
4. Sometimes I help my mother to keep house.
5. I would like to become a counter and now I study at Lutsk National Technical University Technical College and I am the first-year student.
6. This year I have left a basic school and I had to make very important decision: what job to find.
7. I am also fond of music.
8. I also like to play with my friends, they are very important part of my life.
9. My friends and I like to watch TV together, listen to music and play tennis.
10. I am a happy person: I have loving parents, good friends and I think my future will bring me only good luck.
Learn and Practice Grammar:
The Article
(Артикль)
Артиклі є основними визначниками іменників і майже завжди вживаються перед ними. В англійській мові існує два артиклі: неозначений a / anта означений the.В українській мові артиклів немає.
Неозначений артикль має дві форми: а [ə] та an [ən]. Форма авживається перед словами, що починаються з приголосного звука: a man, a boy.
Форма anвживається перед словами, що починаються з голосного звука:an аррle, an end.
Означений артикль має одну графічну форму the, яка вимовляється [ðə] перед словами, що починаються з приголосного звука (the tree, the woman), та [ði:] перед словами, що починаються з голосного ( the institute).
Іменник вживається з означеним артиклем, коли мова йде про певний предмет (або предмети), виділений із класу предметів, до якого він належить.
Уживання означеного артикля свідчить про те, що співрозмовникам (або тому, хто читає чи пише) з ситуації (контексту) зрозуміло, про який саме предмет ідеться.
| Неозначений артикль | Означений артикль |
| Неозначений артикль а/аn вживається зі злічуваними іменниками в однині, якщо вони згадуються вперше або якщо йдеться про один предмет: There is а tree near our house. Can I have an apple? Перед іменниками, що починаються з приголосного, вживається артикль а, перед іменниками, що починаються з голосного, вживається an: a book, an umbrella. Неозначений артикль a / an вживається у таких випадках: 1. Після дієслів: to be, to have: 1. My father is a driver. 2. She has got a house. 2. У словосполученнях: «прикметник + іменник», якщо іменник вжито в однині: 1.This is a funny puppy. Але: These are funny puppies. 3. 3 назвою професії, якщо йдеться про будь-якого її представника, та з іменниками, що мають узагальнююче значення: 1. Abaker makes bread. 2.A tiger is stronger than a cat. 4. Коли надається класифікація речей або явищ: This film is acomedy. Запам'ятай! Артикль a / anтакож вживається у таких конструкціях: 1. У структурах «such a/an + прикметник + злічуваний іменник в однині»: It is such a sunny day. 2. В окличних реченнях, до складу яких входять прикметник та іменник в однині: What a wonderful view! 3. У словосполученнях: in a day, in a wеек, in a month, in a year у значенні «через», once (fwice/three times) a day (week/month/year), this is a, there is a, that is a: You should take this mixture twice aday. See you in a week! This is ahouse. | Означений артикль the вживається у таких випадках: 1. Зі злічуваними іменниками в однині, якщо вони згадуються не вперше: They have acar. The car is new. 2. Зі злічуваними іменниками у множині: The books are on the shelf. 3. 3 незлічуваними конкретними іменниками: The milk is in the fridge. Означений артикль the вживається з такими словами:: 1. З порядковими числівниками: 1. My brother is in the third form. 2. The first story wasfunny. 2. 3 найвищим ступенем порівняння прикметників: 1 This is the longest street in our town. 2. These seats are the most comfortable in the cinema. 3. 3назвами музичних інструментів: He plays the violin, but he doesn't play the piano. 4. Зі словами: countrywide), seaside, cinema, theatre, shop, market, beach, police: My cousins will spend the holidays at the seaside. Запам'ятай! Артикль the також вживається у таких випадках: 1. 3 назвами частин світу: the south, the east, the west, the north. 2.У словосполученнях: in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening (but at night), in the middle, in the centre of, in the corner, to the right, to the left: He left his home early in the morning. There is a table in the middle of the room. |
Артиклі не вживаються у таких випадках:
1. З кількісними числівниками:
He has got a cat and two kittens.
2. Якщо перед іменником стоїть присвійний або вказівний займенник:
That disc is new.
These are his toys.
3. Якщо перед іменником стоїть іменник у присвійному відмінку або заперечна частка по:
This is my mother’s hat.
There is no park near our house.
4. 3 назвами видів спорту, речовин, кольорів:
The dress is blue. Children like chocolate. They like to play football.
5. 3 назвами днів тижня та місяців:
Her birthday is in December.
Frank has tennis trainings on Monday and Wednesday.
6. Зі словами: breakfast, lunch, dinner, supper, school, home, work, bed:
We have dinner at two o'clock.
My parents come home in the evening.
7. 3 іменниками у множині: He likes reading novels.
8. 3 незлічуваними іменниками, які називають істот, предмети чи речовини як вид чи клас:
Diary products are made of milk.
Exercise 1. Fill in a or an:
1) ... table; 2) ... apricot; 3) ... ear; 4) ... chair; 5) ... arm-chair; 6) ... cassette; 7) ... poem; 8) ... envelope; 9) ... kitten; 10) ... planet; 11) ... ant; 12) ... flower; 13) ... ice-cream; 14 ) ... clown; 15) ... eye; 16) ... puzzle; 17) ... uncle; 18) ... camera; 19) ... horse.
Exercise 2. Circle the correct item:
1. My friend has got a/the camera. A/the camera is digital. 2. This isa/the house.A/the house is old. 3. Could you give me a/the pen to write? 4. It is a/the lamp. A/the lamp is on the table. 5. A/the strawberries in the basket are very sweet. 6. A/the milk is in the glass. 7. I see a/the man. A/the man is coming up to the bus stop. A/the man is wearing a/the hat. 8. You have got so many fruit! Can I have a/the peach, please?
Exercise 3. Divide the nouns into two groups:the group which is used with the article a or theand the group which can be used with the article the:
Birds, bread, lion, photo, children, lemon, sugar, doors, cars, robot, mouse, mice, plate, sweets, trees, garden, soup, balloon, forks, dresses, cup, monkey, cake.
Exercise 4. Translate into English:
1. У дітей є іграшки. 2. У нього є комп'ютер. Комп'ютер новий. 3. За будинком є сад. Сад великий. 4. У кімнаті були квіти. 5. Жінки взяли документи та вийшли з кімнати. 6. Хлопці отримають листа наступного тижня.
Exercise 5. Insert articles where it is necessary:
1. He hasn’t got … car. But he’s got … computer. … computer is new. 2. My … friends have got … cat and … dog. … dog never bites … cat. 3. This is … tree. … tree is green. 4. I can see three … boys. … boys are playing. 5. I have … bicycle. … bicycle is black. My … friend has no … bicycle. 6. Our … room is large. 7. We wrote … dictation yesterday. … dictation was long. 8. She has two … daughters and one … son. Her … son is … pupil. 9. Last year I gave my … mother … bracelet. 10. My … brother’s … friend has no … dog. 11. This … pencil is broken. Give me that … pencil, please. 12. She has … ball. … ball is … big. 13. I got … letter from my … friend yesterday. … letter was interesting. 14. When they were in Geneva, they stayed at … hotel. Sometimes they had dinner at … hotel and sometimes in … restaurant.
Exercise 6. Insert articles where it is necessary:
1. This is … pen. … pen is red. 2. These are pencils. … pencils are black. 3. This is … soup. … soup is tasty. 4. In the morning I eat … sandwich and drink … tea. 5. She gave me … coffee and … cake. … coffee was hot. … cake was tasty. 6. Do you like … ice cream? 7. I see … book in your … hand. Is … book interesting? 8. Do you need … camera? 9. He never eats … meat, he always eats … vegetables, … cereals, … seeds, … fruit, and … nuts. He is … vegetarian. 10. This is … pineapple. … pineapple is delicious. 11. Elaine, … apples are good for you! 12. My … cousin is upset. He’s got … sore throat. 13. This is … cottage cheese. … cottage cheese is fresh. 14. She bought … meat, … butter and … potatoes yesterday. She also bought … cake. … cake was very … tasty. We ate … cake with … tea. 15. This is my … table. On … table I have … book, two … pencils, … pen and … paper. 16. This is … bag. … bag is brown. It is my sister’s … bag. And this is my … bag. It is … yellow.
Exercise 7. Insert articles where it is necessary:
1. This is … house. 2. This is … house in which I live. 3. This is … butter. 4. This is … butter I bought for you. 5. My father is … worker. 6. His father is … worker who improved this machine. 7. This man is … teacher I told you about. 8. Ann’s mother is … teacher. 9. His wife is … doctor. 10. His wife is … doctor who treated my sister. 11. February is … shortest month. 12. July is … seventh month of the year. 13. It is … Indian film. 14. It is … film we discussed yesterday. 15. … cow is … domestic animal. 16. … carrot is … vegetable. 17. … carp is … fish.
Exercise 8.Insert articles where it is necessary:
1. This is … book. It is … book. 2. Is this your … pencil? – No, it isn’t my pencil, it is my sister’s pencil. 3. I have … sister. My … sister is … engineer. My sister’s … husband is … doctor. 4. I have no … handbag. 5. She has got … headache. 6. Have they got … car? – Yes, they have. Their … car is very expensive but reliable. 7. Have you got … calculator? – No, I haven’t. 8. Is this … watch? – No, it isn’t … watch, it’s … pen. 9. This … pen is good, and that … pen is bad. 10. I can see … pencil on your … table, but I can see no … paper. 11. Give me … chair, please. 12. They have … dog and two … cats. 13. I have … spoon in my … plate, but I have no … soup in it. 14. My … friend says he is going to be … millionaire one … day. 15. Would you like … orange? 16. Mr. Smith is … artist, Mrs. Smith is … poetess.
Exercise 9. Insert articles where it is necessary:
1. What’s … weather like today? - … weather is fine. 2. … sun is yellow. 3. … sky is grey today. 4. …. Earth is … planet. 5. We had … English lesson yesterday. … teacher asked me many … questions. … questions were difficult. 6. Where is your … brother? – He is at … home. He is in his … room. He is sitting at … table. He is doing his … homework. … homework is difficult. 7. Our … cat is sitting on … sofa. 8. It is very dark in … room. Turn on … light, please. 9. Nick went into … bathroom, turned on … water and washed his … hands.
Exercise 10. Insert articles where it is necessary:
1. There is … jar of … orange … marmalade in … middle of … shelf. 2. There is … big … box of … cereal to … right of you. 3. There is … bunch of … bananas on … table. Don’t keep them in … refrigerator. 4. There is … loaf of … white … bread on … upper … shelf of … refrigerator. If you want your … bread to be fresh, keep it only in … refrigerator. 5. Is there … bag of … flour in … cupboard? 6. There was … bottle of … lemonade in … corner of … kitchen. 7. There is … thick red … carpet in my … room. … carpet is on … floor in … front of … sofa. 8. Where is … table in your brother’s … room? – His table is near … window. 9. I can see … fine … vase on … shelf. Is it your … vase? 10. We have no … piano in our … living room. 11. My … uncle is … married. He has … beautiful wife. They have … son, but they have no … daughter. 12. I can see … nice … coffee table in … middle of … room to … right of … door. It is … black and … red. I like … coffee table. 13. Our … TV set is on … little … table in … corner of … room. 14. There is … beautiful picture in my father’s … study. … picture is on … wall to … left of … window.