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Контрольные задания по работе с текстом по специальности
Тексты по направлениям
230100.62 "Информатика и вычислительная техника" и 220700.62 "Автоматизация технологических процессов и производств"
ВАРИАНТ 1
1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите на русский язык текст:
WHAT IS A COMPUTER?
The term computer is used to describe a device made up of a combination of electronic and electromechanical (part electronic and part mechanical) components. Computer has no intelligence by itself and is referred to as hardware. A computer system is a combination of five elements: Hardware, Software, People, Procedures, Data-information. When one computer system is set up to communicate with another computer system, connectivity becomes the sixth system element. In other words, the manner in which the various individual systems are connected – for example, by phone lines, microwave transmission, or satellite – is an element of the total computer system. Software is the term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a task. Without software instructions, the hardware doesn't know what to do. People, however, are the most important component of the computer system: they create the computer software instructions and respond to the procedures that those instructions present. The basic job of computer is processing information. Computers accept information in the form of instruction called a programme and characters called data to perform mathematical and logical operations, and then give the results. The data is raw material while information is organized, processed, refined and useful for decision making. Computer is used to convert data into information.
2. Прочитайте текст снова и письменно ответьте на вопросы:
1. What does the term "computer" describe?
2. What are five components of computer system?
3. What is connectivity?
4. What is software?
5. What is computer used to?
ВАРИАНТ 2
1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите на русский язык текст:
COMPUTER LITERACY
Informed citizens of our information-dependent society should be computer-literate, which means that they should be able to use computers as everyday problem-solving devices. They should be aware of the potential of computers to influence the quality of life. There was a time when only privileged people had an opportunity to learn the basics, called the three R's: reading, writing, and arithmetic. Now, as we are quickly becoming an information-becoming society, it is time to restate this right as the right to learn reading, writing and computing. There is little doubt that computers and their many applications are among the most significant technical achievements of the century. They bring with them both economic and social changes. "Computing" is a concept that embraces not only the old third R, arithmetic, but also a new idea – computer literacy. In an information society a person who is computer-literate need not be an expert on the design of computers. He needn't even know much about how to prepare programs which are the instructions that direct the operations of computers. All of us are already on the way to becoming computer-literate. Just think of your everyday life. If you receive a subscription magazine in the post-office, it is probably addressed to you by a computer. If you buy something with a bank credit card or pay a bill by check, computers help you process the information. When you check out at the counter of your store, a computer assists the checkout clerk and the store manager. When you visit your doctor, your schedules and bills and special services, such as laboratory tests, are prepared by computer.
2. Прочитайте текст снова и письменно ответьте на вопросы:
1. What does “a computer-literate person” mean?
2. What do people mean by “the basics”?
3. What is the role of computers in our society?
4. What is “computing”?
5. What helps you process the information if you pay a bill by a check?
ВАРИАНТ 3
1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите на русский язык текст: