Read the following headlines (A, B, C and D). What do you think each paragraph will be about?
A
| Engineers use a method
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B
| Anyone can use engineering ideas
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C
| Engineering is everywhere
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D
| Engineering is both theoretical and practical
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4. Read the following text and match the headings (A, B, C and D) from ex.3 to its parts (1, 2, 3 and 4):
1. __________________
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Almost everything we use in modern life is made by engineers. For example, if
a manufacturer wants a faster car, a smaller personal stereo, or a better pen, they will ask a design engineer to find a practical solution.
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2. __________________
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Engineers use theory (ideas about engineering) to produce practical answers. The design solution must be a reasonable price, safe, and reliable. A new idea that is expensive, dangerous, or doesn’t always work is not a good solution.
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3. __________________
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Generally, engineers solve problems in a methodical way. Engineers:
- define the problem,
- design a solution,
- test the solution,
- evaluate the solution. If the solution isn’t right, the process is repeated. When a good solution is found, the next step is to:
- communicate the solution.
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4. __________________
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This method of problem-solving is useful in everyday life. For example, you can use the five steps next time you prepare for a test.
1. Define the problem: I want to pass my test next week.
2. Design a solution: I will study for three hours a day.
3. Test the solution: Study for three hours a day and take the test.
4. Evaluate the solution: Have I passed the test with a good mark? Yes = a good solution. No = a bad solution, so think of a better one.
5. Communicate the solution: Tell your friends about your test-passing technique.
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* (the text is from: “Engineering” Workshop by Lindsey White, OUP; Unit 1, pg.2, ex.3
5. Read the text again and decide if the sentences (1, 2, 3 and 4) are true (T) or false (F):
| Lots of things are made by engineers.
| T
| F
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| Engineering isn’t practical.
| T
| F
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| Engineers must think carefully.
| T
| F
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| Only engineers can solve problems.
| T
| F
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* (“Engineering” Workshop by Lindsey White, OUP; Unit 1, pg.2, ex.4)
6. Read the text again and match the highlighted words with the meanings (1, 2, 3 … 8)
| plan
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| |
| careful, step-by-step
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| cost much money
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| assess the success of
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| a business
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| normal
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| answer
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| say exactly
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* (“Engineering” Workshop by Lindsey White, OUP; Unit 1, pg.2, ex.5)
7. Read the text again and find the English equivalents to the following expressions:
- … современная жизнь …
- … найти практическое решение …
- … конкретные (практические) решения …
- … разумная стоимость …
- … неверное решение …
- … решать проблемы …
- … определить проблему…
- … разработать решение …
- … провести испытание …
- …оценить результат …
- … следующий шаг к …
- … повседневная жизнь …
8. Match the following words:
the solution engineers solution carefully way problems technique price the problem a solution life a method
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| a practical
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| think
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| methodical
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| solve
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| define
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| everyday
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| design
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| test-passing
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| reasonable
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| evaluate
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| made by
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| use
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