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Chromosomes spread in the cytoplasm.



P.O.C. Phylum Schizophyta Phylum Cyanophyta
Organism (Bacteria) (Blue-green algae)  
Description Spherical Rod-shaped Spiral   Unicellular organisms that contain different pigments
Feeding Parasites Saprophytes Autotrophic that photosynthesize their food.
Example Tuberculosis bacteria Nostoc
Benefits Cheese – yogurt – vinegar industry Produce food and oxygen
Harms Parasitic bacteria cause diseases such as cholera , eye diseases , tuberculosis and diphtheria  

Kingdom Protista

 

General characteristics :

1. More developed than Monera

2. The chromosomes are found in the form of threads.

3. The nucleus is surrounded by nuclear membrane and contain nucleolus.

4. Cytoplasm may contain plastids.

P.O.C. Phylum Euglenophyta Phylum Chrysophyta Phylum Protozoa
Environment Fresh water ponds and stagnant water Marine and in fresh water Fresh and salty water
Feeding Autotrophic because they contain green plastids. Autotrophic Most are parasite on plants and animals
Examples Euglena Diatoms Paramecium
Benefits   Fish food, petroleum sediments

The cytoplasm of protozoa is divided into ectoplasm & endoplasm . Protozoa reproduce asexually & sexually.

 

 

Phylum Protozoa is subdivided into 4 classes:

P.O.C. Class sarcodina Class Flagellata Class ciliata Class Sporozoa
Examples Amoeba, Entamoeba Trypanosoma paramecium plasmodium
Movement pseudopodia flagellum cilia  
Diseases dysentery   sleeping disease   Malaria
Means of infection   Tsetse fly     mosquito

Kingdom Fungi

General characteristics:

1. Some are unicellular and some are multicellular forming mycelium.

2. They have no chlorophyll txherefore they are parasites or saprophytes (get food from dead matter).

3. Some are useful (mushroom) and some are harmful (black rust)

 

P.O.C. PhylumZygomycetes Phylum Ascomycetes PhylumBasidomycetes
Examples Rhizopus (bread mould) Saccharomyces Penicillium Agaricus (Mushroom)
Benefit produce cortisone Production of antibiotics (penicillin) Production of ethyl alcohol . Baking industry & flavoring Roquefort cheese. Most species are edible as they are rich in protein , others are poisonous.

 

Kingdom Plantae

P.O.C. Phylum Rhodophyta Ph. Phaeophyta Ph. Chlorophyta Ph. Bryophyta
  Red Algae Brown Algae Green Algae  
Pigment Red or pink Brown Green  
Structure Simple or branched filaments Simple or branched filaments Unicellular or Multicellular   Terrestrial, unbranched filaments)  
Example Polysiphonia Fucus Sargassum Chlamydomonas Spirogyra   Riccia Funaria
P.O.C Fungi Algae
Examples Bread mould, yeast, mushroom   Fucus, sargassum, spirogyra  
Classification Neither plants nor animals primitive plants
Feeding Heterotrophic . Some are saprophytes others are parasites. Contain chlorophyll & are autotrophes  

Phylum Tracheophyta

(ferns)

 

  Filicate (ferns) Gymnosperms
Description Seedless , vascular plants which don't form flowers. The reproductive organs are cones. Their seeds are naked.
Examples Adiantum& Vougheir Pines

Angiosperms

  Subclass: Monocotyledon Subclass: Dicotyledon
Examples Wheat, maize, palm, onion & cactus Peas, cotton, roses
Roots Fibrous root Tap roots
Leaves Parallel veined Pinnate or palmate
Flowers Trimerous or their multiplate Tetramerous or pentamerous
Seeds One cotyledon Two cotyledons
P.O.C Gymnosperms Angiosperms
Examples Pines   Palm , bean, roses  
Reproductive organs Cones Flower (carpel , anther)  
Seeds Naked seeds   Covered seeds

 

 
 

 

 


Kingdom Animalia

Phylum Class Order
1. Porifera    
2. Colenterata    
3. Platyhelminthes    
4.Nematohelminthes    
5. Annelida    
6. Arthropoda Crustacea, Archanida, Insecta, Myriopoda  
7. Mollusca    
8. Echinodermata    
9. Chordata Chondichthyes, Osteichthyes Amphibia Reptilia Aves Mammalia   Edentata Insectivora Carnivora Cetacea Ungulata Rodenta Chiroptera Lagomorpha Primates

Kingdom Animalia

Phylum Porefera Colenterata
Examples Sponges Hydra, jelly fish, corals
Environment Aquatic animals which attach themselves to the base of rocks. Aquatic animals which attach themselves to the base of rocks.
Description The body wall has many lateral pores & canals. Skeleton of calcareous, siliceous spicules, fibers. Have stinging cells.  
Reproduction Asexually (by budding)
Sexually (by fusion of gametes)

Kingdom Animalia







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