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If it is necessary to investigate fat inclusions in cells. Which fixator and stain is useful for that investigation?
Is approved by
Acting director of the educational
Department of morphological
Subjects
Altayeva A. J. _____________________
Examination tests on Histology for the students of the second course of the department of general medicine
1. Histologic fixation of tissues is the process that:
a. +causes irreversible coagulation of proteins and ceases vital activity of tissues and organs
b. enhances metabolism
c. causes hypometabolism
d. does not have any influence on vital activity of tissue
e. induces proliferation of cells
2. Purpose of histologic staining is:
a. to increase density of tissues
b. to decrease density of tissues
c. +to increase contrast of structures
d. to decrease contrast of structures
e. to preserve tissue for a long time
3. Basic stains are bound with:
a. +acid compounds of the histologic structures
b. basic compounds of the histologic structures
c. mineral substances
d. neutral fat
e. glycogen of cytoplasm
4. Acid stains are bound with:
a. acid compounds of histologic structures
b. +basic compounds of histologic structures
c. mineral substances
d. neutral fat
e. glycogen of cytoplasm
5. Impregnation is due to the ability of histologic structures for:
a. being stained with acid dyes
b. being stained with basic dyes
c. reacting with periodic acid (PAS)
d. +reducing salts of heavy metals
e. being stainable with Sudan-III
6. Histologic sections are embedded in balsam or in any other synthetic medium with the following purpose:
a. to increase density of tissue
b. to decrease density of tissue
c. to increase contrast of tissue
d. to decrease contrast of tissue
e. +to preserve histologic specimen for a long time
If it is necessary to investigate fat inclusions in cells. Which fixator and stain is useful for that investigation?
a. +formalin and Sudan III
b. alcohol and pyronin G
c. alcohol and Feulgen stain
d. formalin and periodic acid Schiff reaction
e. alcohol and toluidine blue
8. If it is necessary to investigate cellular structures sized less than 0,2 micrometers. Which methods are useful for that investigation:
a. phase-contrast
b. luminescent
c. ultraviolet
d. +electron
e. densitometry
9. The first stage in making of histologic specimens is:
a. +fixation of the material
b. staining of sections
c. hardening of material
d. making of sections
e. embedding of the sections in balsam
10. The second stage in making of histologic specimens is:
a. fixation of the material
b. staining of sections
c. +hardening of material
d. making of sections
e. embedding of the sections in balsam
11. The third stage in making of histologic specimens is:
a. fixation of the material
b. staining of sections
c. hardening of material
d. +making of sections
e. embedding of the sections in balsam
12. The fourth stage in making of histologic specimens is:
a. fixation of the material
b. staining of sections
c. hardening of material
d. making of sections
e. +embedding of the sections in balsam
13. Cellular structure that consists of lipid bilayer, integral, semiintegral and membranous proteins;
a.+plasmalemma
b. microtubule
c. ribosome
d. cell centre
e. axoneme
14.. Specialized junctional structure (cell contact) at which the two plasma membranes are in actual contact:
a. unspecialized contact
b.+ tight junction
c. gap junction
d. desmosome
e. chemogenic synapse
15.. Cell contact that allows the free passage of some substances from one cell to the other:
a. desmosome
b. tight junction
c. +gap junction
d. adhesive belt
e. unspecialized contact
16. Glycocalix of the cellular plasma membrane represents:
a. thick lipid layer
b. ribonucleoprotein layer
c.+ glycoprotein and glycolipid complexes associated with plasmalemma
d. layer of glycosaminoglycans
e. microfilaments and microtubules
17. Membranous organelle containing hydrolytic enzymes:
a. granular endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi complex
c.+ lysosomes
d. mitochondria
e. agranular endoplasmic reticulum
18. Synthesis of proteins of the cell membrane takes place in:
a. agranular endoplasmic reticulum
b. +granular endoplasmic reticulum
c. mitochondria
d. lysosomes
e. centrioles
19. Which of the following structures takes part in the breakdown of biogenic macromolecules:
a. centrioles
b. ribosomes
c. Golgi complex
d. endoplasmic reticulum
e.+ lysosomes
20. Primary lysosomes are formed in:
a. microtubules
b. cell centre
c. +Golgi complex
d. microfibrils
e. peroxisomes
21. Organelles that perform the function of accumulation, segregation, transport, modification and discharge of secretory product from the cell:
a. microtubules
b. microfilaments
c. ribosomes
d. polysomes
e. +dictyosomes of the Golgi complex
22. Cell organelle that consists of five to ten flattened cisternae and a large number of vesicles:
a. agranular endoplasmic reticulum
b. granular endoplasmic reticulum
c. mitochondrion
d.+ Golgi complex
e. lysosome
23. Cell organelle that is bounded by a smooth outer membrane within which there is an inner membrane; the inner membrane is highly folded on itself forming incomplete partitions called cristae; the space bounded by the inner membrane is filled by a granular material called matrix:
a. agranular endoplasmic reticulum
b. granular endoplasmic reticulum
c+ mitochondrion
d. Golgi complex
e. lysosome
24. Synthesis of adenosinetriphosphate takes place in:
a. centrioles
b. microtubules
c. microfilaments
d. ribosomes
e.+ mitochondria
25. Cell organelle 0,2-0,4 micrometer in size, that represents membrane bounded vesicle containing hydrolases:
a. agranular endoplasmic reticulum
b. granular endoplasmic reticulum
c. mitochondrion
d. Golgi complex
e.+ lysosome
26. Marker enzyme of peroxisomes:
a. succinate dehydrogenase
b. acid phosphatase
c. +catalase
d. alkaline phosphatase
e. myeloperoxidase
27. Protein synthesis for “export” takes place in:
a. nucleolus
b. mitochondria
c. +granular endoplasmic reticulum
d. agranular endoplasmic reticulum
e. Golgi complex
28. Ribosomes play an essential role in:
a.+ protein synthesis
b. glycogen synthesis
c. phagocytosis
d. glycosaminoglycan synthesis
e. transport of substances
29. Cell organelle that represents elementary apparatus of the protein synthesis:
a.+ ribosome
b. lysosome
c. peroxisome
d. mitochondrion
e. microtubule