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Exercise 5. Answer the questions and retell the text.
1. What is the most difficult kind of text to translate?
2. In order to translate a novel well, do you think you need to be a novelist yourself?
3. Is it very hard to translate advertising, for example slogans? Prove your answer with examples.
4. What about film titles?
5. What advice would you give to person who is going to be a translator?
Exercise 6. Answer the questions using active vocabulary.
 1. Have you ever participated in international conferences /symposia/ congresses?
2. What problems were considered and discussed?
3. Which reports attracted general attention?
4. Did you find your English sufficient/adequate to participate in the international conference?
5. Why is it necessary/ important for a scientist to know foreign languages?
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Exercise 7. Speak on the given topic “Global Warming: myth or reality? Speak about your personal contribution to the solution of environmental problems (ten steps to help the environment)”. (Time for preparation- 4 min., time for answering- 2 min.)
Exercise 8. Read the following article [3 – internet sources, Part III, pp. 179]:
An academic conference or symposium is a conference for researchers to present and discuss their work. Together with academic or scientific journals, conferences provide an important channel for exchange of information between researchers.
Conferences are usually composed of various presentations. They tend to be short and concise, with a time span of about 10 to 30 minutes; presentations are usually followed by a discussion. The work may be bundled in written form as academic papers and published as the conference proceedings. Usually a conference will include keynote speakers (often, scholars of some standing, but sometimes individuals from outside academia). The keynote lecture is often longer, lasting sometimes up to an hour and a half, particularly if there are several keynote speakers on a panel.
Prospective presenters are usually asked to submit a short abstract of their presentation, which will be reviewed before the presentation is accepted for the meeting. Some disciplines require presenters to submit a paper of about 6–15 pages, which is peer reviewed by members of the program committee or referees chosen by them.
In some disciplines, such as English and other languages, it is common for presenters to read from a prepared script. In other disciplines such as the sciences, presenters usually base their talk around a visual presentation that displays key figures and research results. A large meeting will usually be called a conference, while a smaller is termed a workshop. They might be single track or multiple track, where the former has only one session at a time, while a multiple track meeting has several parallel sessions with speakers in separate rooms speaking at the same time.
Academic conferences fall into three categories: the themed conference, small conferences organized around a particular topic; the general conference, a conference with a wider focus, with sessions on a wide variety of topics. These conferences are often organized by regional, national, or international learned societies, and held annually or on some other regular basis; the professional conference, large conferences not limited to academics but with academically related issues.
Increasing numbers of amplified conferences are being provided which exploit the potential of WiFi networks and mobile devices in order to enable remote participants to contribute to discussions and listen to ideas.
Exercise 9. Answer the questions:
1) 1. What is the goal of an academic conference or symposium?
2) 2. How are conferences usually composed?
3) Who are keynote speakers?
4) What is a procedure of submitting a paper to conference?
5) What categories do academic conferences fall into?
Exercise 10. Write a letter to thank the Organizing Committee for inviting you to participate in the conference using one of the following structures:
I am delighted to accept an invitation of … to participate in the conference on…
I am pleased to accept an invitation to the Congress on… and would like to contribute to the session on…
Thank you very much for your kind invitation to the symposium on …I appreciate very much your invitation.