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Exercise 7. Read the text and translate the first paragraph.
SMART TRUCKS
Ever noticed how road-sweeping trucks just seem to rearrange dirt and garbage rather than removing it? Make the trucks smarter and they will do a much better job: just arm the vehicles with a laser, a digital camera and an image-processing computer.
The problem with standard road sweepers, says Graham Parker at the University of Surrey, is that they are dumb. The settings for the brushes - the speed and the force with which they are pushed onto the road, for example - are usually set at the beginning of a run and then left alone. But some rubbish needs only light sweeping while other types of debris, like patches of split builder's gravel or wet sand, call for more vigorous scraping, so having just one setting makes the sweeping process inefficient.
"These vehicles are often not that effective, hence sweeping becomes a two-man operation with one in the truck and another behind on the foot sweeping up what the truck misses," Parker says. Identifying the types of trash to be dealt with should help the truck to pick up more rubbish at the first attempt. This will remove the need for a second pass, speeding up the operation and cutting fuel consumption and diesel emissions. So with his colleague Gareth Peel, Parker set about making the trucks smarter. A laser mounted near the front projects a line onto the road ahead. A digital camera in the truck sends the images to an on-board computer.
Parker says that an image- processing programme monitoring the shape of the laser line can pick out and identify lumps of rubbish lying in the road. This information could then be used to move the truck's brushes to the litter, or to raise the alarm if the debris is in danger of clogging up the vacuum unit.
Exercise 8.Give suitable headlines to each paragraphs
Exercise 9.
Write a report andgive reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Most successful inventions do not rely on complicated technology. In fact, some of the world's greatest inventions have been very simple things. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Give the right variant:
1. _________ I have more cheese on my sandwich?
a) Must
b) Could
c) Would
d) Have to
2. You _________ eat more vegetables.
a) should
b) might
c) may
d) could
3. I _________ like to buy the same television for my house.
a) could
b) must
c) would
d) have to
4. _________ I have a coffee please?
a) Must
b) Have to
c) May
d) Would
GLOSSARY
| ENGLISH | RUSSIAN | KAZAKH | |
| Debris [debri:] | мусор | қоқыс | |
| vigorous scraping [' vigərəs] | Энергичноговыскабливания | қайратты қырнау | |
| Inefficient [ini'fiʃ(ə)nt] | неэффективный | Қолайлы емес | |
| Mounted [mauntid] | смонтированный | Жасалган | |
| Image ['imidʒ] | изображения | Сурет, бейне | |
| Override ['əuvə'raid] | отменять, переопределять | Қайтару, қайта нақтылау | |
| Priority [prai'ɔriti] | приоритет | басымдық | |
| Lump [lʌmp] | кусок | бөлшек | |
| clog up [klɔg ʌp] | засорять | қоқыстау | |
| diesel emission [di:z(ə)l i' miʃ(ə)n] | дизельное топливо | жанармай |
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References:
Main literature
1 “OBJECTIVE” CAE second edition by Felicity O’Dell and Annie Broadhead. Student’s book. Cambridge University Press. 2010.
2 “New English File” by Clive Oxenden and Christina Koenig for Advanced level. Student’s book. Oxford University Press. 2010.